研究
By Freedx Research Team
·
·
4 min read

研究
各国政府在购买什么加密货币?
4 min read
Contents
01
Intro
02
Why Governments Hold Crypto
03
Bitcoin
04
Ethereum
05
Stablecoins
06
Other Crypto Assets
07
What This Means for Traders
08
What Governments Are Not Buying
09
Final Thoughts

01
Intro
当人们谈论政府和加密货币时,焦点通常在于监管、禁令或执行。较少关注的是一些政府已经直接或间接持有加密资产的事实。
这些持有并不是出于投机。它们通常源于战略储备、执法行动、试点项目或长期基础设施考虑。查看政府持有的资产及其原因,有助于解释加密货币在国家层面上的处理方式。
为什么政府持有加密货币
政府购买加密货币的方式与个人或基金不同。在大多数情况下,持有的资产来自三个主要来源。
首先,执法查封。在犯罪调查中没收的加密资产通常由政府机构保留和管理。
其次,战略或政策驱动的积累。一些政府将某些加密资产视为长期价值储藏,或作为更广泛金融实验的一部分。
第三,基础设施和支付用例。某些区块链被探索用于结算、汇款或数字货币试点。
因此,政府对加密货币的接触往往是保守和集中的。
比特币
比特币是政府最常持有的加密资产。它的固定供应、深厚流动性和全球认知使其成为国家级保管的最简单资产。
示例包括:
美国政府,主要通过与丝绸之路等案件相关的查封持有比特币。这些资产由美国法警局等机构管理,并定期拍卖或保留。
萨尔瓦多,作为其货币战略和法定货币政策的一部分,公开将比特币纳入国家财政。
一些其他政府被动持有比特币,通常是在执法行动后,往往使它们成为链上已知最大的资产钱包之一。
比特币通常被视为数字商品,而不是实验技术。对于交易者而言,这加强了比特币作为吸引机构和主权级关注的宏观资产的角色。
以太坊
以太坊被政府持有的频率较低,但原因不同。在比特币与储备和稀缺性相关联的地方,以太坊更常被视为可编程基础设施。
示例包括:
政府支持的试点项目,使用以太坊进行代币化债券、结算测试或监管沙盒。
依赖于以太坊基础的智能合约测试数字身份、资产发行或合规工具的公共部门项目。
政府层面的以太坊接触通常与特定用例相关,而不是长期持有策略。随着项目的开始和结束,持有状况可能相应变化。
稳定币
稳定币完全扮演着不同的角色。政府很少将其作为长期资产持有,但它们与稳定币的交互频繁。
现实世界的例子包括:
用于跨境援助分配和人道主义支付的稳定币。
试点项目测试基于美元的稳定币,以便与传统银行系统相比实现更快的结算。
对稳定币流动进行监管监控,以更好地理解链上的美元需求。
稳定币对政府很重要,因为它们在公共区块链上的行为类似于法定货币。它们的相关性是功能性而非投机性。
其他加密资产
政府选择持有较小或较新的加密资产的情况并不常见。比特币、以太坊或稳定币以外的接触通常源于查封,而非有意分配。
发生这种情况时:
资产通常会随着时间的推移而被清算。
持有并不视为对基础项目的认可。
波动性和流动性风险会尽快降到最低。
这进一步证明政府在加密领域的参与仍然是选择性的。
这对交易者意味着什么
政府参与并不保证价格支持,但它确实表明了加密资产在政策层面上的分类。
比特币被视为战略性或宏观资产。以太坊被视为可编程基础设施。稳定币被视为支付通道和货币工具。
对于交易者而言,这有助于解释为什么比特币对宏观叙事反应强烈,为什么以太坊对网络使用和生态系统发展作出反应,以及为什么稳定币处于流动性周期的中心。
政府不购买的内容
政府一般不为短期回报购买加密货币。他们避免:
高度投机的代币
低流动性资产
没有清晰的法律或操作明确性的协议
这种保守姿态与零售行为形成对比,并突显出为什么大多数价格发现仍来自私人市场。
最后的思考
政府已经是加密生态系统的一部分,即使他们不是活跃的交易者。他们的接触有限、保守并且有目的。
比特币、以太坊和稳定币主导政府与加密货币的互动。对于交易者来说,这些例子提供了对哪些资产被视为战略的、哪些被视为基础设施的、以及哪些仍坚守在投机类别中的见解。
02
Why Governments Hold Crypto
Governments do not buy crypto the same way individuals or funds do. In most cases, holdings come from three main sources.
First, law enforcement seizures. Crypto assets confiscated during criminal investigations are often retained and managed by government agencies.
Second, strategic or policy driven accumulation. Some governments view certain crypto assets as long term stores of value or as part of broader financial experimentation.
Third, infrastructure and payment use cases. Certain blockchains are explored for settlement, remittances, or digital currency pilots.
Because of this, government crypto exposure tends to be conservative and concentrated.
03
Bitcoin
Bitcoin is the most commonly held crypto asset by governments. Its fixed supply, deep liquidity, and global recognition make it the easiest asset for state level custody.
Examples include:
The United States government, which holds Bitcoin primarily from seizures linked to cases such as Silk Road. These holdings are managed by agencies like the US Marshals Service and periodically auctioned or retained.
El Salvador, which has openly added Bitcoin to its national treasury as part of its monetary strategy and legal tender policy.
Several other governments that hold Bitcoin passively following enforcement actions, often making them some of the largest known wallets onchain.
Bitcoin is generally treated as a digital commodity rather than an experimental technology. For traders, this reinforces Bitcoin’s role as a macro asset that attracts institutional and sovereign level attention.
04
Ethereum
Ethereum is held less frequently by governments, but for different reasons. Where Bitcoin is associated with reserves and scarcity, Ethereum is more often viewed as programmable infrastructure.
Examples include:
Government backed pilots that use Ethereum for tokenized bonds, settlement testing, or regulatory sandboxes.
Public sector projects that rely on Ethereum based smart contracts to test digital identity, asset issuance, or compliance tooling.
Ethereum exposure at the government level is usually tied to specific use cases rather than long term holding strategies. As projects begin and end, holdings may change accordingly.
05
Stablecoins
Stablecoins play a different role entirely. Governments rarely hold them as long term assets, but they interact with them extensively.
Real world examples include:
Stablecoins used in cross border aid distribution and humanitarian payments.
Pilot programs that test dollar backed stablecoins for faster settlement compared to traditional banking rails.
Regulatory monitoring of stablecoin flows to better understand onchain dollar demand.
Stablecoins matter to governments because they mirror fiat currency behavior on public blockchains. Their relevance is functional rather than speculative.
06
Other Crypto Assets
It is uncommon for governments to hold smaller or newer crypto assets by choice. Exposure outside of Bitcoin, Ethereum, or stablecoins usually comes from seizures rather than intentional allocation.
When this happens:
Assets are often liquidated over time.
Holdings are not treated as endorsements of the underlying project.
Volatility and liquidity risk are minimized as quickly as possible.
This reinforces how selective government involvement in crypto remains.
07
What This Means for Traders
Government participation does not guarantee price support, but it does signal how crypto assets are categorized at the policy level.
Bitcoin is treated as a strategic or macro asset. Ethereum is treated as programmable infrastructure. Stablecoins are treated as payment rails and monetary instruments.
For traders, this helps explain why Bitcoin reacts strongly to macro narratives, why Ethereum responds to network usage and ecosystem development, and why stablecoins sit at the center of liquidity cycles.
08
What Governments Are Not Buying
Governments are generally not buying crypto for short term returns. They avoid:
Highly speculative tokens
Low liquidity assets
Protocols without clear legal or operational clarity
This conservative posture contrasts with retail behavior and highlights why most price discovery still comes from private markets.
09
Final Thoughts
Governments are already part of the crypto ecosystem, even if they are not active traders. Their exposure is limited, conservative, and purpose driven.
Bitcoin, Ethereum, and stablecoins dominate government interaction with crypto. For traders, these examples offer insight into which assets are viewed as strategic, which are treated as infrastructure, and which remain firmly in the speculative category.



